ДИНАМИКА СМЕРТНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ПО ОСНОВНЫМ КЛАССАМ ПРИЧИН СМЕРТИ ЗА 2014-2021 ГГ.

Abstract

Significance. Mortality is one the most important statistical indicators characterizing level of sanitation. This demographic indicator is one of the most common in international health statistics. Of particular interest to health authorities are mortality rates from individual causes. Mortality rate from individual causes depends on prevalence of specific nosological forms of diseases and their lethality. The purpose of the study was to analyze rates and dynamics in mortality in the Omsk region by main class of death causes for the period from 2014 to 2021. Material and methods. Statistical processing of the research materials used methods of alternative (intensive indicators) and graphical analysis; indicators of dynamic series were calculated. Results. During the period from 2014 to 2021, the Omsk region registered a 35% increase in the crude death rate. Diseases of the circulatory system remained the leading cause of death in the Omsk region. Mortality from diseases of the nervous system increased 2.6 times. The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a high mortality in the region in 2020, followed by a 3.2-fold increase in 2021, ranking second after diseases of the circulatory system. A decrease in mortality was recorded in the classes "Infectious and parasitic diseases" (by 18.8%), "Neoplasms" (by 7.1%), "Diseases of the respiratory system (by 29.0%), "Diseases of the digestive system" (by 10.4%), and "Accidents, injuries, poisoning" (by 29.1%). Conclusion. Statistically significant positive changes were registered during the analysis of dynamics in mortality due to infectious diseases, neoplasms, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and external causes. In the region, mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system was characterized by a stable trend and high rates. Negative trends have been noted in the dynamics in mortality associated with COVID-19, and diseases of the nervous system. A significant increase in mortality due to these causes apparently determines the negative trends in the medical and demographic component of the current development of the Omsk region.