Abstract
Living muscle cells have been attracted much interest as a novel actuator because they have high energy-conversion efficiency and can work only with chemical energy in glucose. Bioactuators using mammalian muscle tissues and cells were reported so far, however they require precise environmental control to keep them alive. We already proposed and demonstrated to utilize an insect dorsal vessel (heart muscle) tissue as an environmentally robust bioactuator. The actuator worked for more than 90 days at 25 ℃ without any maintenance.
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