Идеологические предпосылки террористических атак радикальных исламистов на объекты в США (11.09.2001 г.)

Abstract

Twenty years ago, terrorist attacks were carried out against a number of significant tar-gets in the United States. As a result, several thousand people died, and members of the radical Islamist group Al-Qaeda and personally its leader, Osama bin Laden, were declared terrorists, although there are other opinions about the organizers and customers of these attacks. In this article, the author examines the ideological prerequisites that some trends in Islam have accumu-lated for centuries, and that could have triggered the acts of terrorism by adherents of radical Islamism. Despite the fact that the ideologists of modern Islamism say that it is necessary to purify Islam from «sinful» layers and bring it in line with the «golden age» of this religion (610–661), they themselves literally parasitize on the ideological heritage of the founding fathers of radical views, starting from Ibn Hanbal, Ibn Taymiyyah, their students and followers. In this regard, it can be argued that modern Islamists, directly or indirectly borrowing the views and ideas of their predecessors (ideas about takfir, jihad, the judiciary, etc.), introduce other «sinful» innovations into the doctrinal provisions of Islam. This conclusion is vital for improving the effectiveness of counteracting the ideology and practice of radical Islamism, including in the Russian Federation.