마카베오상 10-11장의 ‘진홍색 사제복’에 관한 소고(10:20, 62, 64; 11:58)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to propose a Korean word corresponding to porfu,ran in 1 Ma 11-10. Under the rule of Selucid Antiochus IV from 167 to 164 B.C., the Jews under the leadership of Mattathias rebel against the king who forces Jews to violate the Torah. This revolt succeeded. Chapters 10-11 of the First Book of Maccabees is about Jonathan who was the leader of the Maccabean Revolt. The Selucid kingship was divided between Demetrius I and Alexander. This was a great help in gaining the religious and political freedom in Judea. By autumn of 152 B.C., Alexander Balas made Jonathan the high priest and called him the king"s friend. And Alexander sent him a purple robe (πορ??ραν ) and a golden crown (1 Ma 10:20).<BR> The Bible in Korean published in 1998 translated the Greek πορ??ραν as a dark-red priestly robe (10:20, 62, 64; 11:58). But the Greek word πορ??ραν actually means a purple robe. In ancient times, people used to reveal their social status by the color of their dress. The purple dress became a symbol of power. Only kings could put on such purple clothes.<BR> The Bible in Korean assumed that Alexander made Jonathan a high priest, so he gave Jonathan a priestly robe. But the high priest wore sacred vestments that include a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a checkered tunic, a turban and a sash. They used gold, blue, purple and crimson yarns and fine linen (Ex 28:1-4). And the robe of the ephod is all blue.<BR> Jonathan was not only the high priest but also the political leader in Judea. And he was the friend of the king of the Seleucid kingdom. So he could recruit troops and equip them with arms (1 Ma 10:21). The gift from Alexander, a purple robe and a golden crow, was a symbol not of a religious leader, but of a political leader. We must read 1 Ma 10-11 in a political aspect. The Greek πορ??ραν must be translated not as a dark-red priestly robe, but a purple robe.