Abstract
In the 21st century, foreign states that have access to the Arctic ocean or declare themselves Arctic, as well as their associations and industrial corporations, have moved to an active phase of implementing strategies for the development of national Northern areas and Arctic zones. The socio-economic activities of states, as well as military and strategic preparations in areas near the Arctic Circle, are unfolding against the background of deep and irreversible transformations in the environment of the Arctic region. One example is the climate change, which is occurring in the Arctic at a rate higher than the global average, and the causes of which are not yet well known. The Northern states of Europe and America (countries with territories of the Far North or Arctic zones) are trying to resist natural challenges and fill in the gaps of knowledge about the changing natural and socio-economic environment of high latitudes. The purpose of the article is to analyze strategies for developing the territories of the Far North and Arctic zones in foreign countries, which is done with the use of comparative and analytical methods. The study examines foreign strategies published in 2000−2017, reveals their common features and differences. An attempt is made to typify foreign states claiming rights to the Arctic region and participating in projects for the development of its resources. Further scientific research within the chosen topic may be related to the analysis of the content and implementation of the Arctic development strategies abroad and in Russia.
Highlights
С другой стороны, Финляндия и Швеция позиционируют свою деятельность в арктическом регионе с экспертных позиций, заявляют готовность включаться в проекты изучения природных ресурсов, охраны окружающей среды, изменения климата, природопользования саамов, развития инфраструктуры на Севере (в том числе портов и навигации в Северном Ледовитом океане с участием России)
Выводы Рассмотрев особенности стратегий освоения Крайнего Севера и Арктики, разрабатываемые в странах Северной Европы и Америки в XXI в., можно разделить государства на три группы: 1) государства, имеющие выход к Северному Ледовитому океану, и имеющие полярные секторов (США, Канада, Дания, Норвегия); 2) государства, имеющие выход к Северному Ледовитому океану, и не имеющие полярных секторов (Исландия); 3) государства, не имеющие прямого выхода к Северному Ледовитому океану, не имеющие полярных секторов (Финляндия и Швеция)
Strategies of foreign countries for the development of the Far North and the Arctic: Comparative
Summary
Lachininskii, S.S., Mikhaylov, A.S., Samusenko, D.N., Mikhaylova ,A.A., Sorokin, I.S. (2019), “Coastal cities and agglomerations in the innovative space of Western Russia”, Regional Research of Russia, vol 9, no., pp. (2017), “Regional conditions and innovation in Russia: the impact of foreign direct investment and absorptive capacity”, Regional Studies, vol 51 no. N., Thomas, E. (2017), “Regional conditions and innovation in Russia: the impact of foreign direct investment and absorptive capacity”, Regional Studies, vol 51 no. 9, pp. 1412–1428
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