Abstract
Objective: To examine particular qualities of the intranasal structures state in children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Patients and methods. During the period of 2013–2015 161 patients with type 1 were examined having been treated at the endocrinology department of the National Children's Specialized Hospital OKHMATDET and Children's Hospital №6 (Kyiv). The study group included 138 (85.7%) patients with type-1 with the changes of intranasal structures, the control group — 23 (14.3%) patients with type-1 with no pathology of upper respiratory tract. Among children of the main group — 92 (66.67%) boys and 46 (33.33%) girls aged 6–17. All children received clinical and laboratory examination in accordance with the protocols, as well as endoscopy of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinus computed tomography (if necessary). Results. The most pronounced changes of intranasal structures in children with T1D in the study group were identified in the form of the curvature of the nasal septum (IEF). Endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children of the main group diagnosed the hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate in 54% of patients, acute rhinosinusitis — 12%, chronic adenoids, adenoid vegetations in 10%, polyps — 2%. Microcirculatory disorders according to the nail bed capillaroscopy in patients of the main group were observed 3 times more often than the control group. As a result of bulbar microscopy for children with T1D and IEF vascular changes in a single non-niformity of the caliber of vessels were identified in — 75%, unit sakkulyation venules — 50% maendricus tortuosity of the capillaries — 75%, as well as single-venular anastomoses arteriolo — 37.5%. Intra- and extravascular changes in this group of patients have not been identified. Conclusions. The results of studies in children with T1D indicate the need for timely early diagnosis of the state of intranasal structures and microcirculation to select appropriate methods of correction and treatment. Key words: nose, endoscopy, type 1 diabetes, children, adolescents.
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