Abstract
This review article shows the history of the development of Japanese national garden culture from ancient times to the Meiji Revolution. This is a time span of more than 2,300 years. The development of Japanese horticulture is considered from the point of view of its inextricable connection with political events within the country and the accompanying economic situation. The Japanese garden, as a historical and cultural phenomenon and one of the most popular trends in landscape art, has been stirring the minds of researchers in various fields of knowledge on all continents for more than 150 years. Gardens only at first glance were intended for pleasure and pleasant pastime, at the same time they carried the deepest philosophical meaning, forced the mind to work, deciphering the ancient treatises of the sages, trained the imagination. The data on the formation and development of horticultural techniques in each of the historical periods of Japan are given.
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