Мальтинка 1 - малоизвестное местонахождение верхнего палеолита в окрестностях Мальты (юг Байкало-Енисейской Сибири)

Abstract

The article describes the study results of the little-known Upper Paleolithic site Maltinka 1, located on the Belaya River (left tributary of the Angara River) in the vicinity of the world-famous Malta Paleolithic site. It was discovered in 1929 by Mikhail Gerasimov and studied in 1977, 1983 by Irina Lezhnenko. In the deposits of MIS 2 and MIS 1, 4 cultural layers (c.l.) were identified. Their estimated age is as follows: c.l. 1 - 7-1 ka cal BP; c.l. 2 - ~14.7-12.8 ka cal BP; c.l. 3 - ~18.6-17.6 ka cal BP; c.l. 4 - ~27-25 ka cal BP. Layers 1 and 4 are not very informative. The finds of layer 2 are represented by 6 fragments of bones and 1651 stone items: blades and bladelets, wedge-shaped cores; flat and volumetric prismatic cores; retouched flakes and blades, scrapers, knifes (including the “ulu-knife”), leaf-shaped point, tool with spikes, hammerstone, and abrader. A bone fragment and 844 stone items were found in layer 3: blades and bladelets, wedge-shaped and volumetric prismatic cores, retouched flakes and blades, scrapers, burins, notched tools, and splintered piece on flake. Attribute analysis of flakes and blades from layers 2 and 3 showed that their parameters and characteristics are close in value. The totality of features indicates the use of both hard and soft hammer during knapping. Conclusion: the materials from the Maltinka 1 site complement and expand the understanding of cultural processes in the Upper Paleolithic in the territory of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia.