СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ЗАЩИТА НАСЕЛЕНИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ И РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ

Abstract

In the light of the ongoing changes in the economic, political and social spheres, the topic of social protection is more relevant and in demand than ever. Scientists, practitioners and the author face the task of rethinking social protection, its theoretical and conceptual provisions in the conditions of the existing reality and, as a result, the need to consider the periods of its development, identify emerging trends, and develop new periods and approaches. In periodical scientific socio-economic publications, social protection is usually considered in the context or composition of social policy. Social protection of the population is an integral part of the social policy of any state and plays an important role in society. There are very few scientific studies on the evolution of the formation of the social protection system of the population, taking into account historical and socio-economic periods of development in Russia. Moreover, the regional aspects of its formation and development remain insufficiently studied. The subject of the study is economic and social relations arising in connection with the rethinking of social protection, and its theoretical and conceptual provisions in the conditions of the existing reality. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of social protection, a retrospective of its development, identification of developing trends, and development of new periods and approaches. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing role of social protection in the light of ongoing changes in the economic, political and social spheres. The scientific novelty consists in the development of approaches to the analysis of the system of social assistance and support during the formation and development of market relations in the Russian Federation (1990 – present). The research methods are analysis, systematization, synthesis, induction, deduction, and modeling. At the same time, a modern multifaceted and multilevel model of the social protection system of the population with private-state forms of support and assistance is presented. The research results: the author presents the periodization of the formation and development of the social assistance and support system, which is considered in chronological order and is associated with the adoption of fundamental legislative and regulatory legal acts in this area, as well as certain historical events. The author concludes that the modern model of social protection of the population is imperfect and the process of its reform has not been completed, since the realities of public life are constantly changing, new challenges are emerging that force the social protection system to look for new forms, types, and response mechanisms.