ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДИНАМИКИ И СТРУКТУРЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН

Abstract

Introduction. In their labor activities, employees are exposed to some hazardous and harmful factors of the working environment, of which the key ones are physical factors, such as noise or local/general vibration; physical and functional overloads of the musculoskeletal system; aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action; and dust. The core indicator characterizing the occupational risk of a health problems is occupational morbidity. Aim. Studying the time profile and structure of occupational morbidity in employees of the Republic of Tatarstan. Material and methods. Occupational morbidity over the years 2007-2021 was analyzed. Over the period under research, occupational illnesses were diagnosed in 2,546 employees of 130 occupational categories. Results and discussion. The highest rates of occupational morbidity were recorded among employees of agricultural and mechanical engineering enterprises and companies. About 60% of occupational diseases were diagnosed in those pursuing 7 professions. What stands out is the similarity of occupational pathologies in assembly workers and riveters, fettlers, and farm-machine operators, who were diagnosed with vibration syndrome and occupational deafness. Occupational diseases of respiratory and musculoskeletal systems were additionally diagnosed in fettlers. In milkmaids, the occupational diseases of musculoskeletal system take the leading place. Polymorbidity of occupational pathology is most pronounced in machine milking operators followed by tractor drivers and fettlers. Conclusion. It is necessary to ensure early occupational pathology diagnoses in routine health screenings and timely referrals to the occupational pathology center in order to perform causal relationship assessments between disease and occupation.