ПРОСТОРИ ПЕРЕД КЛАСИЧНИМИ СПОРУДАМИ

Abstract

The article deals with analyze the organization of the territories adjacent to the classical buildings, which together form a spatial composition, as well as the elements of the compositions that determine the directions of human perception of the formed space. It is shown that elements of composition direct the perception of a person in the formed space in deep, frontal or vertical directions. There were considered the most common configurations of spaces adjacent to classical buildings, and some attention is paid to the prevalence and problems of using frontal spaces. It was shown the expediency of finding space configurations that are more favorable for full perception of the architectural image of objects. Based on the known fact that deep space is the most appropriate in combination with classical structures, as one that is perceived most harmoniously on the mental and physical levels, it was proved that in cases where there is not enough space to harmonize the scale of architecture and site, it is appropriate to use the "T" formed space as a similar space. It has been successfully used, in particular, in historic sites with a narrow frontal space in front of the building. The balance of the composition there was achieved by combining deep and frontal spaces. As an example, the article highlights the practice of using a "T" -shaped space near the villas of Capra and Emmo – the works of Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio. The main conclusions of the article are confirmed in the project proposal for the organization of garden space in front of the Western Facade of the Red Building of Kyiv Taras Shevchenko National University, where at the project level with appropriate visualizations it is proposed to transform both the classical university building and man.