지속가능한 국가형성을 위한 주거복지 패러다임의 전환

Abstract

A necessary element for the formation of a nation is its people, who have been elevated from a “means-value” to a “humanistic value,” and as human beings, citizens must be protected by the state in terms of essential rights and values. They must also be free from state interference and obstruction in realizing these rights and values. Food, clothing, and shelter are essential for human survival. Currently, housing has become a means of accumulating wealth and a symbol of economic status and position. However, the physical space of housing is not only a place of residence but also an emotional home and the foundation of humanity. Housing cannot be left to be a means of profit-seeking or wealth accumulation. Housing policy should be a policy for all citizens, and it should be aimed at developing and maintaining a middle class of at least 80% of the population in order to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of the country. Universal housing stability should be implemented for the entire population, except for the top 10% of asset holders based on labor income. Simply enacting the “Basic Housing Act” as a law under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport would not fully address the issue of housing welfare. Housing welfare in Korea must consider housing, education, transportation, and the environment comprehensively based on a paradigm shift in housing. In the current Korean situation, education and housing policies must be connected and directed towards the right direction. In terms of climate crisis response, housing policy must establish a new direction for improving the housing environment, including transportation and reconstruction. If climate crisis is discussed but not included in housing policy, the sincerity and effectiveness of climate response policy will be undermined. Housing, workplace, and education should be based on a certain area, and mobility should be possible within the jurisdiction of the basic local government. The beginning of housing welfare is when an average wage earner can secure a residence in a place where educational conditions and social infrastructure are in place while minimizing physical and temporal distance from their workplace, which is a socially universal phenomenon. A society where ordinary workers can save a certain amount of money from their usual household expenses and use financial tools such as public loans to secure stable housing is a normal and sustainable society. Housing must not be left to become a means of accumulating wealth and a starting point for inequality. To secure stable housing, the paradigm of housing policy should shift towards policies where profit-seeking is prohibited in living spaces through the public role and participation of non-profit organizations.