Спонтанність діалектних текстів про житлові та господарські будівлі

Abstract

The article analyzes the features of uncluttered spontaneous dialect texts about the construction of housing, outbuildings, interiors, recorded at different times in the Ukrainian East Slobozhan dialects. The author focuses on identifying features of their cognitive and lexical-semantic structure. It is proved that dialect text (DT) is a semantic phenomenon. That is why, depending on the content of the report, you can select several parts. Consequently, it is analyzed in terms of semantics and structure. This allows you to combine dialect texts depending on the topic in them. It is noteworthy that in the texts of one topic can be identified micro-themes that unfold more broadly or more narrowly. Memorable texts are generally characterized by ease of communication, generalization of information associated with the use of imperfective verbs of the past tense plural or singular, which convey long repetitive actions, processes or states, dissected or undissected, occurring in a certain period of time before speech. Usuality, generalization are also conveyed by present tense verbs of the third person plural with indefinite-personal meaning. Spontaneously modeled texts update the nominative chain of vocabulary associated with common names of housing, farm buildings, their parts, etc. The meaning of tokens is usually specified in relation to the features of the denotation, time slice, syntagmatics, formal structure. These units make up the lexical-semantic matrix of the text, which is closely connected with the culture and way of life of the inhabitants of the region. DT accumulates and transmits information about the patterns of spontaneous (without external interference) text and demonstrates the trends of its development. In general, the structure of the text, trends in its creation and selection of structural elements often show patterns of systemic organization of speech, consisting in a verbal presentation of collective and individual experience of housing, farm buildings, established forms of mutual assistance, production of building materials, management principles.