ПРОТИСТАВЛЕННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ "МІФ" І "ПОЛІТИЧНИЙ МІФ": РЕЛІГІЄЗНАВЧО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ ПОГЛЯД

Abstract

The article proposes a distinction between the concepts of "myth" and "political myth" based on their relationship to the problems of history and personality in it. There is considered a gap between the mythological and logocentric, as well as the positivist picture of the world, their differences regarding the individual's self-consciousness and its place in the world and history. It is determined that there is a fundamental difference between the myth in its primary form and the way it is recorded in literary or philosophical sources. The role of the will in freedom and necessity in the context of myth is shown; these concepts are opposed to the concepts of historicism. The part of sacred and materialistic history is considered, and the main differences between the archaic myth and the political one are given. The role of man and society is demonstrated, according to the political myth, in the context of modern ideologies and theories of historicism. This is opposed to the position of personality and sacred events in archaic myth. A connection is traced between the development of the concept of "ideology" and the corresponding replacement of manifestations of ancient mythological consciousness with elements of political myth. The article also demonstrates the process of human alienation, which takes place due to the influence of political mythology on society. It is concluded that the myth and the political myth have nothing in common regarding the sacred: socio-cultural and communicative functions. The idea is given that the demonization of myth through the prism of the wording "political myth" is inappropriate, because of which one should turn to the consideration of mythological consciousness at a severe religious and philosophical level to understand the possibility of returning sociocultural guidelines to a person and bringing him out of a state of alienation from the world.