ПРАВОСЛАВ'Я В УМОВАХ УКРАЇНО-РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ КАПЕЛАНСЬКОЇ СЛУЖБИ

Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of the functioning of Orthodoxy in modern society, in particular in the conditions of the Ukrainian- Russian war. The main focus is on the problems of socio-cultural changes occurring during the hostilities and the place and role of Orthodoxy in these changes. The problems that have arisen in the middle of the modern socio-cultural world environment and the approaches proposed for their solution give the right to assert that religion in general, Orthodoxy in particular, can retain its function in the future to ensure basic universal moral values. Regarding the Ukrainian society, we can talk about the ethical and moral content identical to the world environment. World Orthodoxy takes religious morality as the basis of universal morality, and defines it as a system of norms and rules that limits a person's physical demands and directs him to spiritual pursuits. In Ukraine, the dominant religion is Orthodoxy, and ideally we would like this Orthodoxy to be exclusively Ukrainian, and not any other. Modern Ukrainian reality shows everyone that Orthodoxy as such preserves its moral and ethical essence, as an indestructible basis of its existence. Analyzing the place of religion in general, Orthodoxy in particular, in the socio- cultural processes of modern Ukraine, it is worth noting that religion as such is quite often used by the political sphere to motivate its ideological basis, as well as to influence mass consciousness. In our opinion, one of the important factors in the formation of Ukrainian society and Orthodoxy is the functioning and development of the new and old direction of Orthodox service – the modern chaplaincy. For a more detailed analysis of this problem, it is worth turning to the history of the origin and development of chaplaincy in Ukraine and in the world. There is no exact historical information about when exactly the first chaplains-spirits appeared in the Ukrainian army, but we know that Christians were already present in the army of the princes of Kievan Rus.