Способи підвищення адаптивних здатностей рослин кавуна до негативних абіотичних чинників Південного Степу

Abstract

The purpose. To justify the selection of effective mechanisms to increase the resistance of watermelon to the action of stress factors of soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field — for determination in the conditions of the southern steppe of Ukraine subject of research in relation to ecological and technological factors; measuring and weighing — to determine the area of the assimilation surface, the mass of the root system, the yield of watermelon; laboratory — for evaluation of various schemes of pre-planting treatment by plant growth regulators of watermelon seeds, determination of content in leaves of watermelon of saline chlorophyll; statistical — for conducting a dispersion analysis of research results. Results. On the basis of the conducted laboratory studies, the length of the seedlings, the effective extinctions of soaking the watermelon seeds in the solutions of growth regulators were selected. It was established that due to the influence of growth regulators the physiological processes of the development of watermelon plants are activated, in particular, the index of photosynthetic potential of the sowing increases, the total mass of the root system increases, the chlorophyll content in the leaves increases. The result of stimulating the development of watermelon for the influence of plant growth regulators is to increase the productivity of the crop.Conciusions. According to the results of laboratory and field studies, it should be noted that the use of the Quimicas Mepistem SL complex helps to increase the water resistance of the watermelon to unfavorable conditions in the south, in particular, the content of the total chlorophyll in the leaves increases by 41%, the weight of the root system increases by 33% and increases the photosynthetic potential of sowing is 6% in comparison with the control variant and, consequently, yields increase by 18%.