ІНСТРУМЕНТИ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ МІГРАЦІЙНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ МОЛОДІ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЛЮДСЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ РЕГІОНУ

Abstract

The article establishes that the main reasons for the intensification of youth migration in Ukraine are the lack of a regional policy to stimulate youth employment, the creation of highly paid places, as well as the lack of a full-fledged effective organizational system for regulating migration processes. Based on the results of the sociological survey, it was identified that migration experience has a beneficiary nexus with human potential but maximizing the economic effect for the host country requires the use of measures to stimulate reverse young migration. Critical growth of youth migration mobility in the Carpathian region of Ukraine leads to an increase in the scale of intellectual migration, and a weakening of the personnel stability of the territory. It is proved that the measures for regulating youth migration and preserving the intellectual and human resources in the region should be focused on reducing the level of positive youth migration aspirations, ensuring employment and decent wages, and reducing the scale of educational migration for stationary migration. It was revealed that the lack of a national strategy for reforming the wage system, especially in creative sectors of the economy, education, science, and health care, will contribute to the young migration outflow, including highly qualified staff. The growth of incomes of youth abroad and the availability of highly paid places of work with decent conditions are the main drivers of the capitalization of human potential. Young people with low and moderate incomes abroad capitalize on the migration experience, improving their financial and economic potential. The system of the preventive toolkit for regulating youth migration mobility in the region provides for the implementation of organizational and economic measures in areas (1) improving employment and balancing the labour market; (2) the micro and small business developing, (3) increasing the level of reverse migration aspirations, (3) improving the investment climate and developing the migration capital market, (4) increasing the competitiveness of the educational sphere. The priority vectors of the progress of the migration capital market in Ukraine are increasing the investment capacity of migration capital, ensuring the target orientation of remittances to the small and medium-sized businesses, ensuring the security of remittances, and developing financial inclusion.