Сравнительный анализ исходов беременности и родов у женщин с аномальным прегравидарным индексом массы тела

Abstract

Abstract Aim. To study the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in women with abnormal pregravid body mass index. Design. Retrospective comparative study. Materials and methods. A retrospective comparative study was conducted using medical records from an outpatient facility from 2018 to 2019. Using a continuous sampling method, the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth were studied in 750 women aged 18 to 49 years. The examination of patients was carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents of the Russian Ministry of Health. Results. There were 363 (48.40%) pregnant women with normal pregravid body weight, and 387 (51.6%) with abnormal prenatal weight: women with initial underweight — 189 (25.20%), c excess body weight — 102 (13.60%), with obesity — 96 (12.8%). The data obtained indicate that the presence of both deficiency and excess body weight/obesity in women on the eve of pregnancy contributes to an increase in the frequency of complicated births, cesarean sections, births of low birth weight children, etc. Conclusion. Our data indicate the need for an individual approach to patients, aimed at identifying deficiency or excess body weight/obesity before pregnancy. with subsequent implementation of preventive measures. The implementation of a properly formed concept of preconception preparation for patients with an abnormal body mass index will reduce the frequency of complicated births, cesarean sections, and the birth of low-birth-weight babies. Key words: underweight, overweight, pregnancy, obesity, body mass index, complicated childbirth, relative risk.