Математическое моделирование термодинамических процессов в вентиляционных шахтах метрополитена

Abstract

Objective: To develop recommendations for performing thermal engineering calculations during the ventilation shafts renovation with the creation of internal thermal insulation made of foam glass concrete. Methods: Mathematical modeling by the Metrogiprotrans method of the shaft lining in an elastic medium for specified movements from expanding ice; mathematical modeling by the finite elements method of a system including a ground massive, shaft lining and a load from convection (cold air flow). Results: The criteria for the risk of the ventilation shafts lining destruction during freezing of water-saturated soil behind the lining have been established. It has been established that the destruction of cast-iron lining from the ice expansion depends on the amount of soil resistance and the size of voids behind the lining, but not on the depth of the location of the section under consideration. An influence assessment of the soil thermodynamic characteristics during the ventilation shafts operation in conditions of alternating temperatures has been performed. It was found that as a result of a very wide change in the thermal characteristics of the medium, the temperature behind the lining during thermodynamic calculations changes insignificantly — within 1 °C, and the thermal characteristics of the foam glass concrete layer play a decisive role in heat distribution. Practical importance: The results of the study can be used during the inspection of subway ventilation shafts, as well as an algorithm for conducting thermodynamic calculations for projecting shafts renovation with an insulation made of foam glass concrete.