ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПЕРЕХОДА К ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ В АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ

Abstract

The actual problem of the agrifood system effective development in Russia is the transition to a digital economy, which should bring it to a new level of development, allowing it to meet the growing needs of the country’s population for high-quality food. Digital technologies are aimed at ensuring optimal management in each link of the agri-food system, and its adaptation to external changes. The introduction of digital technologies in the agri-food complex is promising for the economy as a whole. Digitization of the agri-food sector means an increase in the speed of information exchange within the system, monitoring of supply and demand, prices and parameters of production processes, an increase in the quality of management decisions. The purpose of the study is to assess the prospects, risks and constraints on the introduction of digital technologies in the management of the agri-food complex. The types of digital technologies that are promising for use in the agri-food complex with an emphasis on technologies that ensure digitalization in crop and livestock production, the processes of processing agricultural raw materials and the sale of final products are considered. The effectiveness of using digital technologies in the agricultural sector is shown: they contribute to resource conservation and optimization of production and marketing processes. The analysis of the dynamics of the Russian innovation system was carried out using the indicators of the Global Innovation Index, its strengths and weaknesses were highlighted, and the most important development directions were identified. The regulatory and legal foundations of the digitalization process in the agri-food system have been studied. The problems of introducing digital technologies in the management of the agri-food sector, namely, their weak economic and infrastructural accessibility, the need to improve the qualifications of agricultural workers in the field of information and communication technologies, the preferential orientation of state programs on large agribusiness, the need to support the implementation of digitalization programs in small and medium enterprises of the agri-food sector. Attention is drawn to the risks of reducing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises that are not ready for the introduction of innovative digital technologies.