Походження і природа свідомості: до постановки проблеми

Abstract

The problem of the origin of consciousness has intrigued researchers for centuries. Every thinker has interpreted this problem in a unique way, and therefore several concepts of the origin of consciousness have been proposed. There are: the theological concept according to which human’s consciousness is a gift of God; the dualistic concept that focuses on the fact that our mind is not identical with our brain; the labor concept of anthroposociogenesis, which is based on the fact that matter in its self-development under certain conditions generates consciousness; the evolutionary concepts (Darwinism and Neo-Lamarckism); the spiritual evolutionism of P. Teilhard de Chardin; the filed theories of consciousness, which interpret consciousness as identical to the field in the general sense (W. Köhler, B. Libet), the electromagnetic field theory of consciousness; J. Hagelin’s unified field theory of consciousness; the concept of a single information field. The origin of consciousness is one of the most puzzling mysteries of the human mind due to the inherent conceptual and theoretical difficulties. We still do not know much about the work of the brain; we do not know exactly what underlies its higher functions and human consciousness. However, in recent years, the progress in this area is evident. Consciousness cannot be explained by appealing to the only one area of scientific knowledge. Therefore, today, it is necessary to develop a new interdisciplinary approach to the new theory of consciousness, which will reveal the multifaceted nature of a human and humanity. Further understanding of the phenomenon of consciousness and its origin requires the cooperation of representatives of different disciplines, the creation of the unified platform for interaction between all branches of knowledge. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theories of the origin and nature of consciousness.