РОЗБУДОВА СМІТТЄПЕРЕРОБНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ ЯК ДІЄВИЙ ЗАСІБ ПОВОДЖЕННЯ З ВІДХОДАМИ

Abstract

The article considers the necessity to develop the waste processing industry in Ukraine as an effective means of waste management. A situation, that consisted of formation, accumulation, storage, redoing, utilization and burial place of wastes in Ukraine, is investigational. The state of sphere of handling wastes in Ukraine after 2018-2020ррis analysed. The necessity of estimation of the state of handling biowastes is conditioned by that a problem of garbage is a most issue of the day in the world. Wastes of production and consumption exist exactly so much, how many exist humanity. To the middle of ХІХ of century, when organic materials and substances were used, wastes presented only epidemiology threatto society. But development of industry, increase of quantity and population density have formed world garbage problem. Already in ХХ of century there were artificial wastes that is not subject to utilization, that resulted in the origin of world ecological crisis. The article examines the experience of waste management in developed countries, that allows to assert that a problem of garbage is a problem of international scale, that exists in the entire countries of the world. But each nation approaches its solution from different positions. Significant progress has already been made in some countries, but the perfect form has not yet been found. The article pays special attention to the issues of analysis of the current legal framework governing the mechanism of waste management. The National Waste Management Strategy for Ukraine until 2030, adopted in 2017, has an important value in this sense. Its essence is to create conditions to improve the quality of living standards through the introduction of a systematic approach to waste management at the state and regional levels and reduce waste generation and increase their recycling for reuse. The marked indicates the need to reform the law and comprehensive solution to the problem of efficient waste management. According to the results of the study, the basic directions of solving the problem of the structural handling wastes of production and consumption in Ukraine are distinguished. Priority ones are: introduction of obligatory separate collection of household wastes; raising public awareness, educational activities; waste prevention and reuse; development of the waste processing industry and renewal of the waste management infrastructure; ensuring transparency and accessibility of information in the field of waste management.