Abstract
The article presents a review of literature data on the evolution ofconcepts of the structure and functions of the nervous system including the phases of development of the general theory of pathology and pathology of the autonomic nervous system in particular.
 The phases of understanding the role of the autonomic nervous system in human life and its connection to mental processes have been traced. Throughout the process of understanding somatoform dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, from primitive ideas of thinkers of the ancient Rome and the Renaissance era to Ehrenburg's discovery of nerve cells in 1833, dialectical correspondence to philosophical laws of cognition ofthe world can be observed. This is further confirmed by deep theories on functional pathology, adaptive-trophic function of the nervous system, integration of neuro-humoral systems, adaptation syndrome, higher nervous activitytheory, adaptation theory, and systemic organization of functions.
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