Эозинофильные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта. Эозинофильный энтерит у детей

Abstract

Aim. To analyze current data on epidemiology, pathophysiology of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGID) in children with focus on small intestinal affection. Key points. EGID are inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by tissue eosinophilia with a depth of organ damage from the mucous layer to the muscular and serous layer, resulting in severe damage to their structure and function. Importance of food allergy is still underestimated, although it affects about 5% of children and up to 3–4% of adults. Eosinophilic diseases of the digestive tract are receiving close attention from experts all over the world. A few decades ago, these diseases were described as rare and articles presented isolated clinical cases, but nowadays the publications have increased by several times. There is increasing evidence of the role of aeroallergens and food allergens in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis, gastritis, and enteritis, as children and adults with EGID are often found to have positive skin tests for food allergens and/or a family history of allergic diseases. Keywords: eosinophilic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases, eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic enteritis, food allergy, atopy