Аномалії температури повітря на Чернігівщині

Abstract

In the context of modern climate change, the air temperature rises throughout Ukraine, while it is in the north of the country that significant positive temperature anomalies are released, the repetitiveness and duration of periods of summer heat and droughts increase. The temperature regime on the territory of Chernihiv region is investigated according to the data of seven weather stations: Nizhyn, Oster, Pokoshichi, Pryluky, Semenivka, Snovsk (Schors), Chernihiv. The purpose of the study is to determine the distribution of temperature anomalies for the period 1991–2020. The objectives of the study are to establish changes in the indicators of absolute highs and minimum air temperature and anomalies of the average monthly and average annual temperature. During the study period, the absolute maximum air temperature was exceeded at 5 stations in 2010 with an extreme in Semenivka of 41.4°; for the entire period, the absolute minimum was higher than the climatic norm at the stations by 3.4...7.2°С. The average absolute maximum and minimum air temperature increased at all stations, on average in the region by 2.6 and 1.9°C, respectively. The study of changes in air temperature for decades indicates a gradual increase in temperature every next 10 years. This is especially indicated in the distribution of average absolute minimums; average absolute highs emit the warmest decade of 2001–2010, due to abnormally hot August 2010. Comparison of the thirty years (1961–1990 and 1991–2020) clearly demonstrates the tendency for the temperature to rise. Average monthly air temperature at all stations of the region highlights positive anomalies, the largest – in January–February and March (2–3°C), the smallest – in May and autumn. The average absolute maximum temperature in all months was higher than normal, and only in Chernihiv in September corresponded to the climatological norm, the highest anomalies of 2.4–3.1°C were noted in October. The average absolute minimum allocated the largest positive anomaly in January and March (⁓3°C), only in April in the region the average minimum temperature was below the norm by 0.1°C, and in October it corresponded to the norm. MS Chernigov and Semenovka show slightly higher above zero temperature anomalies.