ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ УЧАСТИЕ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЕЙ

Abstract

Public participation in the management of an educational organization, which has a tradition in Russian educational practice since the XVIII century, is an integral part of its management activities. One of the fundamental principles of the relationship between the state and its citizens is the right of society to participate in governance. The state in educational policy, the National project “Education” considers the formation of state-public management of an educational organization as a priority in its activities, understanding the importance of public participation in education management. At the federal level, the rights and obligations of participants in educational relations are defined. The article gives several definitions of the concept of state-public management of education, which reveal the essence of this process. Most Russian scientists understand the state-public management of education as constant participation in the management and interaction of two subjects expressing the interests, policies of both the state and the interests of society and the population. The author analyzes the historical experience of managing education with public participation, noting that the insufficient development of democratic institutions in Russia until the second half of the XIX century prevented the establishment of a dialogue between the authorities and society in matters of education. The Zemstvo reform of 1864 became the catalyst for the process of public participation in the management of education. Further, the author characterizes the activities of public governing bodies of educational organizations, such as the School Council, the governing council, the board of trustees, etc. The article presents a theoretical understanding of the forms of public administration, examples of successful educational practices are given. The federal law “On Education in the Russian Federation” defined the requirements for taking into account public opinion when making a number of managerial decisions by the heads of educational organizations, granted the right to teachers, students and their parents to participate in management. Emphasis is placed on a list of a number of reasons that impede the development of public participation in the management of a general educational organization, and directions for optimizing the management process are proposed.