Abstract

نظمت الشريعة الإسلامية المتکاملة العلاقة بين الأفراد والأسر فيما بينهم، ومن الأمور التي نظمتها الشريعة الإسلامية، ما يتعلق بالهبة من أحکام شرعية، والتي تعد من عقود التبرع، فقد شرعت للتأليف والتقريب بين الناس، وبعث روح المحبة والمودة بينهم، فهي تمليک الإنسان لغيره ماله بلا عوض. إلا أن الشريعة التي وضعت هذا التشريع؛ هي نفسها شرعت الرجوع في الهبة لسبب من الأسباب، کإجراء مغاير لها، وکفلت هذا الحق، فجاز للواهب أن يرجع في هبته، برضا الموهوب له أو رغما عنه، ويعتبر الرجوع في الهبة قضاء أو رضاء إبطالا لأثر العقد، وهذه الشريعة التي شرعت الرجوع، هي نفسها کذلک شرعت موانع لهذا الرجوع، حيث لا يجوز للإنسان أن يتراجع عن هبته، إلا في حالات ستأتي معنا خلال البحث. ثمة أسباب دعتني إلى اختيار هذا الموضوع للدراسة، وهي:أن موضوع الهبة له علاقة وثيقة بحياة الفرد المسلم وأسرته، وهما لبنة المجتمع وأساسه، ولذلک کان سببا وجيها لاختياره والتطرق إليه. مع رغبتي في تأصيل المسائل المتعلقة بموانع الرجوع في الهبة تأصيلا علميا، وإشباع الکلام فيها ببسط کافة جوانبها. وخلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج من أهمها: ترجيح جواز رجوع الواهب في هبته قبل قبضها من الموهوب؛ ولکن يکره الرجوع في الهبة قبل القبض مراعاة للخلاف، ولأنه يتنافى مع صنيع أهل المروءات والشيم.مع ترجيح ما ذهب إليه جمهور الفقهاء من لزوم الهبة وعدم الرجوع فيها بعد القبض. Barriers to Donation Return In Islamic Jurisprudence And Kuwaiti Civil Law Jarrah Nayef al-Fadhli Department of Jurisprudence, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait. E-mail: jarrah.alfadhli@ku.edu.kw Abstract: : The Islamic Sharia has regulated the relationship between individuals and families among them, and among the matters that Islamic Shariah has governed are the provisions related to the donation according to Sharia, which are perceived as donation contracts, as it is permitted to bring people closer together, and to spread the spirit of love and affection between them, since it a human to own others money without compensation. However, the Sharia legalized the return of the donated item for any reason, as a procedure different to her, and Sharia guaranteed this right, so it is permissible for the donor to return his donation, after the consent of the gifted person or without his will. Though, Sharia has also established restrictions to this return, as it is not permissible for a person to withdraw his donation, except in cases that will be discussed in this research. There are reasons that encouraged me to choose this topic for this study, more specifically: the subject of the donation has a closer relationship with the life of the Muslim individual and his family, and they are the foundation of society, and therefore it was a good reason for choosing and discussing this issue. With my desire to consolidate the issues related to the impediments to returning the gift according to a scholarly basis, and to satisfy many of its all its aspects. The study concludes with some of the most important conclusions: the possibility of the donor to return his donation before receiving that donated item by the gifted person. But it is disliked returning this donation before receiving, because it is inconsistent with the actions of the people of best hostility and donation, in agreement with the view of the majority of Sharia jurists of the necessity of the machining the donation and not returning it after recipient Keywords: Barriers,Return,Donation, Jurisprudence, Gift.

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