土壤有机污染物的吸附–生物降解耦合模型研究进展

Abstract

污染物的微生物可利用性是控制其环境归趋的主要因素之一，也是决定受污染土壤的微生物修复技术成败的关键。有机污染物进入土壤后发生吸附作用，进而影响其生物可利用性。正确预测有机污染物在土壤环境中的微生物可利用性，需要建立可靠的吸附–降解动力学模型。本文介绍了五种国内外常用的有关农药和多环芳烃在土壤/沉积物上的吸附–降解耦合模型，综述了模型建立过程、评价方法、适用范围，探讨了现有模型在实际应用中的共性问题，以期为土壤污染的控制和修复提供思路。 Bioavailability of pollutants in soil is one of the main factors that determine their environmental fate. It is a key to the successful implementation of bioremediation of polluted soil. Sorption of organic pollutants occurs once they enter soil, and subsequently influence the bioavailability of the pollutants. To accurately predict the bioavailability of organic pollutants in soil, coupled sorption-biodegradation models need to be established. This paper introduces five coupled sorption-biodegradation models used in the literature to account for the bioavailability of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and sediment as influenced by sorption. The overall objective of this paper is to offer proper ideas for soil pollution control and remediation. This is achieved by summarizing the establishment of these models, their evaluations and applications, and by discussing potential problems associated with these models.