Результаты исследований цилиндро-спирального почвообрабатывающего катка

Abstract

The cylindrical soil tillage roller was developed. In the process of experimental studies of the proposed roller for assessing the quality of tillage from the standpoint of compliance with the soil density agrotechnical requirements adopted coefficient of compliance with the standard kse. As a result of experimental studies, the parameters and modes of operation of the roller have been optimized, at which the required quality of tillage is achieved. Analysis of the mathematical models obtained showed that, after rolling with a cylindrical spiral roller, kse = 0.98 (corresponding to soil density ρ = 1185 ... 1215 kg / m3), which fully satisfies the agrotechnically specified limit of soil density at a seed embedment depth - 1100 ... 1300 kg / m3. The maximum value of kse = 0.98 is achieved when the speed of the unit is v = 11 km per hour, the ballast mass is mb=100 kg, and the turn of the spiral is l=40 mm. It was revealed that after treatment with a cylindrical-spiral soil-cultivating roller, the coefficient of compliance with the standard was kse=0.98, which is significantly higher compared to serial rollers (0.83 - after rolling the SZ-5.4 drill and 0.91 after processing the ring spur roller). When assessing the field surface alignment, it was found that after treatment with a cylindrical-spiral roller, the coefficient of uniformity kv was 0.95, which is respectively 7.1% and 14.2% more compared to the areas treated with annular-heel rollers and annular rollers of the SZ seeder -5.4. In the course of field studies on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, it was found that the yield of spring barley after surface treatment of the soil with a cylindrical-spiral roller exceeded by an average of three years for 7.4% and 10.3%, respectively, the yield of this crop after rolling with a KKSh-6 roller and SZ-5,4 seeder wheels. The economic effect of the introduction of the proposed rink due to the increase in yield reaches 1,800 ... 2,460 rubles per 1 hectare of spring barley.