贵州省山地-坝地系统土地利用与景观格局时空演变

Abstract

Guizhou Province of China is more mountain and less plain,especially basins with a certain size are limited too.The basin and mountains around it constitute of mountain-basin land system,which distribute widely in Guizhou Province.It should be pointed out that,the limited suitable land of basin is confronted with variety of land use requirements to ensure agricultural land,construction land and ecological land use,therefore,it is of great importance to explore the landscape change and optimization of the mountain-basin land system. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the land use landscape pattern changes from the 1963 to 2010,discuss the optimal regulation of mountain-basin land system centered around the basins which are more than 667 hm2from a geomorphic unit. A typical mountain-basin land system,namely,Puchang and Yangchuan area,located in Suiyang County,Guizhou province,is chose as a typical example. This mountainbasin land system was divided into three parts such as flatlands and hills in the basin and the mountain around the basin.The remote sensing method and field surveys were used to obtain the land use spatial distribution of four periods in 1963,1979,2006 and 2010 of the study area,and the landscape pattern indexes of the study area were calculated based on the moving window by use of Fragstats 3. 3. The results showed that the landscape diversities of hilly in basin and mountain surrounding the basin are higher than flatlands,at the same time,the comprehensive degree of land use in flatlands are the highest. The woodland of the hills in basin and the mountains around the basin were reduced when the cultivated proportion of flatlands decreased from 90. 81% in 1963 to 79. 94% in 2010,but shrub forest increased and the slope cultivated land was still maintained at a higher level. What's more,there is a trend that the cultivated distributed in the flatlands would convert into others land use types with the higher economic benefits. In the process of land use change and landscape pattern evolution,the original land use pattern of flatlands changed gradually,a new structure constituted by the construction land patch,road corridor and the cultivated matrix,was formed. The land use change of the flatlands,hills in the middle of study area and the mountain around the basin showed that the land use change and the intensive utilization of the flatlands could impact other two areas,namely,could influence the land use of hills and mountains. There exist a coupling land use changes among the three subareas in the mountain-basin land system. This paper concludes that the land use optimization and regulation of the study area should be strengthened in order to make land use of flatlands,hills in the middle basin and mountains around it evolve in a coordinating mode. The research results of this paper may provide some reference to the land use optimization and management of mountain-basin land system in Guizhou Province.