Моделювання переломів нижньої щелепи на тваринах: аналіз відомих методів та опис власної методики

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the methods of modeling mandibular fractures available in the literature and to describe the authors’ own methodology for modeling this pathology. The authors conducted a detailed analysis of the methods of modeling mandibular fractures in experimental animals (rats, mice, rabbits) available in international and domestic patent databases, scientometric databases Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, which allowed them to be divided into five groups. The first group included methods of modeling by applying force. The second group involved methods of modeling by using a bit and hammer. In the third group there were methods of modeling by using boron, saw, cutter, laser scalpel, osteotome. The fourth group included modeling methods using boron, saw, circular cutter with subsequent fracture of the bone manually or with the help of osteotome, tooth extractors, hemostatic clamp. The fifth group included modeling methods using specially manufactured instruments (C-shaped clamp, scissors). These methods differed from each other in the equipment required for their implementation, the technique of fracture, and were characterized by certain disadvantages and advantages. The authors described their own method of modeling mandibular fractures in rats of WAG population using a specially manufactured instrument, which allowed obtaining fractures as close as possible to the clinical situation and same type fractures in a group of animals.