ОСНОВНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ТЕРМИНООБРАЗОВАНИЯ В СФЕРЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО И ФРАНЦУЗСКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

Abstract

Term system of the area of security is an interesting object for linguistic study as it is characterized by the existence of a number of subject areas and the definite special features of formation of its component terminological units. The paper considers the main models of term formation in the area of international security on the material of Germanic and Romance languages – English and French. The author studies in details morphological, morphology-syntactic and syntactic methods of term formation with the distinguishing of particular word-forming models and presenting statistical data on them. In the result of analysis of international security terms of modern English and French languages, the author makes the conclusion that the full range of term formation models are used in the term system under consideration, and the majority of them are traditionally used in English and French special vocabulary. Affixation (prefixation, suffixation, suffixal methods), word compounding and abbreviation are the most frequent term formation models in both languages. It is proved that except the traditional morphological method of terminology units formation, abbreviation represented by the significant number of terms in both analyzed languages is the most frequently implemented model of terms derivation. The author notes the fact that while being borrowed to the French language, some English language abbreviated terms keep their form in which they existed originally in the English language. In this case, the full-structure term is not abbreviated but is formed according to the French language rules. It is said, that the morphological, morphology-syntactic and syntactic methods of terminology units formation analyzed in the paper are inseparably linked to each other.