ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИХ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙ В ЕКОНОМІКУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ КРИЗИ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of encouraging investment in the economy of a country that is conducting active hostilities, finding a balance between stimulating infrastructure and industry, the implementation of plans for economic recovery. The purpose of the article is to analyze foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine and the city of Kyiv, to determine the prerequisites for their involvement. It is proved that the process of inflow of foreign direct investment Ukraine's economy is uneven: from the fall in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, to the growth of FDI balance and foreign direct investment in the pre-crisis period. The economic downturn in the state is accompanied by a decline in investment in industry and other sectors of the economy. It should be noted that the rate of decline in investment processes is higher than the rate of decline in industrial production. One of the most attractive for foreign investment was and remains Kyiv, which accounts for up to 50% of foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine. Over the last ten years, the volume of capital investments in the city's economy has more than doubled. Active hostilities have changed the priorities for sectoral investment in favor of industries that address basic human needs: agriculture, construction, infrastructure and processing. In order to be able to invest in the military economy, additional levers are needed in the form of state guarantees of protection against non-military troubles. For post-war recovery, the rate of investment should be about $ 70 billion annually. In this regard, it is necessary to work on centralized planning of economic development and identification of enterprises that need to be restored, create a viable portfolio of attractive investment projects and develop ready-made design solutions for potential foreign investors. The paper proposes directions for improving the investment climate and the level of investment attractiveness of Ukraine due to the redistribution of investment directions, for which balancing investments between infrastructure and industry will prevail; creation of mechanisms to protect the interests of investors; motivation of investment entities to long-term use of investments; stimulating the processes of reinvestment of enterprises at the expense of own and borrowed funds and improving investment legislation and ensuring its stability