Синтаксические средства выражения возможности в тувинском языке

Abstract

Tuvan biverbal analytical constructions are fixed verb combinations characterized by specific morphosyntactic and semantic properties. They consist of a lexical verb in the form of a participle or participle and an auxiliary verb. This is an unchangeable part of the construction, - a constant. The paper discusses the syntactic means of expressing modal meanings in the functional block of possibilities in the Tuvan language in comparison with the Altaic and Khakass languages. One of these tools is analytical verbal constructions. The author characterizes these constructions with modal semantics of the possibility/impossibility to perform an action. The second component of such constructions can be expressed by grammatical and lexical means. Lexical means are modal words, particles. The grammatical means include infinite forms, modal verbs, and mood and voice forms. The function of the constructions under consideration is a verb predicate. With varying degrees of grammaticalization, they are included in the range of analytical constructions with a wide range of semantics, being a wide-spread, universal, flexible means of conveying the meanings of possibility/impossibility in the modern Tuvan language. Structurally, analytical constructions are a compact way of representing modal meanings, combining several meanings in one structure.