ПРИРЕЧЕНІ НА СМЕРТЬ: АБОРТИ І АБОРТНИЙ ТУРИЗМ

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to group the countries of the world according to the availability and legality of abortion and to identify patterns of development of tourist flows of abortion tourism. The research methodology includes a system of methods and techniques: monographic method (used to process materials from literary sources and Internet resources), statistical method (used to assess the prevalence of abortion), cartographic method (used to visualize the legality and availability of abortion around the world), classification method (used to group countries according to the criterion of the level of availability and legality of abortion). Research results. The geography of tourist flows of one of the types of medical tourism (abortion tourism) was analyzed. It arose as a result of the possibility of obtaining medical procedures abroad, prohibited or restricted in their own country. Attention was focused on the factors of legality and accessibility of these medical services in the countries. There are four groups of countries on the availability of abortion: 1) freedom of abortion; 2) abortion for medical and socio-economic reasons; 3) abortion for medical reasons and in other exceptional cases; 4) complete ban. The right to terminate a pregnancy at the woman's request is guaranteed in 71% of developed countries and in 16% of developing countries. Most countries that restrict abortion throughout the territory or in its separate administrative units - this is the state of Africa and South Asia and Latin America. But abortion tourism is the most intensive in Europe. The controversy over abortion has not abated. The two main groups in discussion call themselves "for choice" (with an emphasis on women's right to choose) and "for life" (with an emphasis on the unborn child's right to life). The scientific novelty of the work is that the proposed grouping of countries according to the legality and availability of abortion, outlines the factors of abortion tourism. The main directions of tourist flows of abortion tourism in Europe are determined. The practical significance of the results of the work is that they can be used to shape the tourism policy of Ukraine, as the state is involved in the field of abortion tourism as a recipient of tourist flows. The results of the study also contribute to solving social and demographic problems in the context of depopulation and deteriorating public health. After all, abortions are factors that negatively affect the reproduction of the population and women's health.