Оценка влияния автомобильного генератора на расход топлива автомобиля

Abstract

The car generator provides electricity to the on-board network by converting the energy of the car engine. The analysis of publications made it possible to establish that reducing fuel consumption for driving a car generator is an urgent task. On a number of vehicles, the task is implemented using intelligent voltage regulators, as well as electronic control units for a car generator or power supply system. Malfunctions of the power supply system that occur during operation (short circuit of the battery, short circuits in the wiring or windings of the generator) can reduce the efficiency of electronic device control algorithms and significantly affect the amount of fuel consumption. Most modern cars are not equipped with devices for monitoring the operation of the power supply system, which can lead to the operation of a vehicle with increased fuel consumption. The solution to this problem can be an on-board monitoring system for the power supply system, which makes it possible to prevent the operation of vehicles with increased fuel consumption and reduce environmental and economic damage. The aim of the work is to establish the relationship between the mode of operation of the car generator (including its deactivation) and fuel consumption when the vehicle is moving. The experimental technique involves determining the hourly fuel consumption using an electronic engine control unit, the generator current and the voltage of the on-board network while the car is moving along a flat straight road at a uniform speed. The value of fuel consumption during the operation of the minimum required number of consumers has been experimentally established. A load cycle has been developed that determines the sequence and duration of switching on the regular consumers of the car. It was determined that the average value of fuel consumption, while maintaining the driving conditions of the vehicle and applying the load mode, increased by 9%, however, the inclusion of powerful consumers caused an increase in fuel consumption by 44%. Forced deactivation of the automobile generator allowed to reduce fuel consumption by an average of 9%. The results of determining the fuel consumption during the movement of a vehicle, the load on the generator of which corresponds to the developed load cycle, have a scientific novelty. Further research will be devoted to determining fuel consumption in emergency situations in the vehicle power supply system. Key words: car, car generator, fuel consumption, load cycle, electricity consumers, on-board network voltage, voltage threshold.