ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ СПОРТСМЕНОВ С РАЗНЫМ СПОРТИВНЫМ СТАЖЕМ

Abstract

The aim of the study was to identify the interconnection between polymorphic genes ACTN3, PPARG, NOS3 and PPARGC1A, associated with endurance and speed-physical skills in athletes practicing martial arts with different duration of the sport experience. Methods: 98 athletes aged from 9 to 20 years practicing martial arts participated in the study. Polymorphisms of four genes: R577X of gene ACTN3, Pro12→Ala of gene PPARG, G894T of gene NОS3, Gly482Ser of gene PPARGC1A were identified by laboratory methods using polymerase chain reaction. The interconnection between the genetic profile and functioning of skeletal muscles, cardiovascular system and lipid metabolism was studied. Results: The athletes were divided into three groups according to sport experience. It was stated that in the group with long sport experience (9 to 12 years) favorable genotypes R/R (0,17, p = 0,001) of gene ACTN3, Ala/Ala (0,17, p = 0,007) of gene PPARG and Gly/Gly (0,14, p = 0,012) of gene PPARGC1A prevailed. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that interconnection between sport experience and genotype of athletes practicing martial arts was positive, but weak in three genes ACTN3 (rs = 0,426), PPARG (rs = 0,280), PPARGC1A (rs = 0,180), and very weak in NOS3 (rs = 0,082) gene. Conclusions: The obtained results reflected the process of sport selection: in athletes with a longer sport experience, favorable genotypes and alleles were detected with a significantly higher frequency than athletes with short sport experience. Presence of favorable genotypes should be considered along with other factors that influence the progress of athletes in sport career.