Abstract
Currently, one of the constituent parts of the Russian state policy is the sustainable development strategy, the most important element is to protect the environment (OS) from negative anthropogenic impacts. Special attention is paid to the protection of water resources, the rivers have key value in quality formation. They serve as cross-border corridors for technogenic streams of the polluting substances and deposit their considerable volumes in ground deposits. The priority polluting substances in the Republic of Bashkortostan are oil hydrocarbons (UV). Considerable sources of oil UV in OS are the enterprises of petrochemistry and oil processing. As large water consumers, they are territorially attached to a river network and pollution of the hydrosphere constitute danger. A specific type of impact of the similar enterprises on the nature is formation in soil of industrial platforms of congestions of oil UV and their further intra soil migration on adjacent territories. As a result of carrying out research works in territories of the industrial enterprises features of migration of oil pollution in flood plains of the rivers in a zone of influence of objects of the petrochemical industry are established. The industrial platforms polluted by oil products demand carrying out remediation works. Dredging of the petropolluted soil is represented inexpedient, because of the big areas and a depth of lenses to 30 meters. It is established that the petrochemical and oil processing enterprises have essential impact on environment by formation in soil of industrial platforms of congestions of oil hydrocarbons and their further migration on a land relief. Depth of penetration of oil hydrocarbons reaches 30m. Constructions for purification of the petropolluted soil by downloading in delivery wells of surfactants solutions and selection of liquid from operational wells are offered. Constructions of purification of oil-containing waters with the subsequent their reuse for soil washing are offered.
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