Особенности гражданского общества в России

Abstract

The history of political thought is not only a way to study the laws of social development, but also is the basis for the analysis of the available political situation. The Russian Federation and its political life are in a phase of transformation and reformation of the vector of its development. Any people should have prior experience as a model to move forward. The formation of civil society is defined in modern political practice and theoretical research in modern Russia as one of the most important tasks for the new political system. Civil society is formed in close intertwining with the formation of statehood. Their mutual influence and isolation reflect both the world and national experience of the Russian Federation. At the same time, however, there are a number of fundamental questions about the attitude of the state and civil society, the need for the very existence of civil society, its structural elements. The solution to these issues involves the solution of the following research tasks: Analysis of political, legal and economic theories of XVI-XX centuries characterizing the possibility of existence and peculiarities of civil society in Russia. Conducting sociological research aimed at studying the social space of civil society in the region, the involvement of citizens in the activities of non-profit organizations and the attitude of citizens to the innovative development of the country. In the course of the study it was found that the citizens interviewed characterized by “Philistine type”, the features of which ― high solidarity only in the immediate environment. At the same time, people of this type have a low level of trust in society as a whole and a weak sense of responsibility for what is happening even at the middle social distance. The prevalence of this type of inhabitants, including young people, indicates the lack of a social basis for the development of civil society. The public s demand for civic initiatives outside the narrow circle is very small. In addition, the organizers used the weak channels of communication with the population.