Морфометричний аналіз патоморфологічних змін внутрішніх органів щурів на етапі первинної токсикологічної оцінки срібних наносфер

Abstract

Abstract. The potential risk of nanomaterials and nanosilver health effect is inseparably connected with the learning of regularities of manifestations of their biological and toxic effects. Considerable significance in realization of toxico-hygienic researches belongs to morphometric analysis, which gives the opportunity for objective assessment of their results and for quantitative measurement of parameters of morphological objects . Despite the importance of silver nanoparticles in consumer products and clinical applications , relatively little is known regarding nanosilver toxicity and its associated risks . The properties of nanoparticles that effect toxicity include: chemical composition, size, solubility, shape, surface area, surface charge and so on. Almost all toxicological experiments dealing with nanoparticles describe the total ingested, inhaled or dermally applied dose of silver nanoparticles. Current in vivo studies have shown t h at it was detected the shape-, dose- and gender-related accumulation of silver in tissues of internal organs of rats. Nanoparticles can pass through biological membranes, circulating and administrating in organs and tissues of the organism. There is lack of information about quantitative assessment of pathomorphological changes in internal organs of experimental animals as a result of silver nanoparticles effect. The aim of the research was to carr y out the analysis of pathomorphological changes in internal organs of experimental animals . Materials and methods. 32 white male rats were subdivided into four groups. Three groups of animals were effected with intraperitoneal injections of spheres -shape silver nanoparticles , 45 nm, in dose s 0,1, 1 and 5 mg/kg during fourteen day s . The fourth group was biologic control. The quantitative assessment of structural changes in internal organs of experimental animals was carried out by means of standard methods of morphometry. The internal organs, including heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, brain were examined histopathologically. Results and discussion. Conducted pathomorphological investigations showed that there were no statistically significant differences in internal organs of experimental animals of the low and middle dose groups after silver nanoparticles exposure when compared with the control. Moreover, pathomorphological changes were not found in cerebral tissue with the help of used methods after the inject ion of silver nanoparticles in dose s 0,1, 1 and 5 mg/kg . The changes in tissues of the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys of samples of high-dose group were found. Conclusions. Thus, f ollowing the experiment it was observed the reverse swelling of the epithelium of kidney’s convoluted tubule s, of hepatocytus, of cardiac hystiocytus nucleus, expressed venous full-blood of cortical and medullary substance and papilla of kidneys, of central and peripheral hepatic segments, of myocardium, of lung’s respiratory parts walls. M orphometric analysis helps to determine the intensity of pathomorphological changes , which appeared as a result of silver nanospheres effect, that rises in the row: heart, liver, lungs, kidneys.