ДЕМОКРАТИЯ И ДЕМОКРАТИЧЕСКИЙ ТРАНЗИТ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВЕ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of a complex set of problems related to the ideas of democracy and practices of democratic transit in the mirror of Contemporary history. The author proceeds from the fact that the loss of geopolitical bipolarity has led to the intensification of efforts to form a new world order. Democracy has become its political form. At the same time, contemporary political development follows a variety of multidirectional trajectories. Democratization is not a normative, one-line and progressive process. The author tries to analyze such basic concepts as “democracy”, “good governance”, “human rights” in relation to the non-Western societies, and to develop an adequate methodology to study the ways of social and political development of modern States. He focuses on identifying the peculiarities of governance and the functioning of power, establishes the form of the interaction between the socio-cultural environment and the political institutions in post-Communist, post-colonial and post-totalitarian States. It is concluded that the 21st century will witness the struggle of democratic and anti-democratic trends not only on a global scale, but perhaps - in less dramatic forms - in the very citadels of traditional democracy.