Abstract
Oculomotor activity (eye movements) is an essential component of visual data acquisition, analysis and use. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of oculomotor response to static images in primary school children with mild intellectual disability (ID). Our sample included a total of 49 schoolers (23 children with mild ID and 26 typically developing children). Oculomotor activity was evaluated using a GP3 Gazepoint eye tracker. The participants were presented with 15 visual stimuli: 10 pictorial and 5 mixed (pictures + text) static color images. Children with mild ID generated significantly fewer fixations (р = 0.038) than typically developing children. So, learning materials containing both pictorial and textual images are ineffective because textual elements are completely ignored by children with mild ID. The total duration of gaze fixations was significantly longer (р = 0.029) in typically developing children than in children with mild ID. However, the average duration of a single gaze fixation was longer in children with mild ID. The identified features of oculomotor response can help to optimize the format of instructional materials for primary school children with mild ID.
Highlights
Oculomotor activity is an essential component of visual data acquisition, analysis and use
The total number of fixations and total latency varied within both groups (children with intellectual disability (ID) and typically developing children (Fig. 2A, B)
Average latency was 0.33 (0.18; 0,.51) in the main group and 0.2 (0.09; 0.29) in the control group. These results reveal the following trend: children with mild ID fixate their gaze at fewer objects because they need significantly more time for fixation than typically developing children (Fig. 3)
Summary
Oculomotor activity (eye movements) is an essential component of visual data acquisition, analysis and use. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of oculomotor response to static images in primary school children with mild intellectual disability (ID). В ходе исследования установлено, что число фиксаций у детей с легкой степенью УО значимо меньше (р = 0,038) по сравнению с детьми с нормативным развитием. Общая длительность фиксаций значимо выше (р = 0,029) у детей с нормативным развитием по сравнению с детьми с легкой степенью УО. В практическом аспекте выявленные особенности глазодвигательных реакций у детей младшего школьного возраста с легкой степенью УО позволяют оптимизировать форму предъявления информации в процессе обучения. Б. Никишина — формирование концепции исследования, интерпретация и обобщение полученного эмпирического материала; О. Ф. Природова — формирование концепции исследования, интерпретация и обобщение полученного эмпирического материала; Е. А. Петраш — количественная и качественная обработка полученного эмпирического материала, интерпретация и обобщение результатов исследования; И.
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