ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО САМОВИЗНАЧЕННЯ В ЮНАЦЬКОМУ ВІЦІ В ОСІБ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze the theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of professional self-definition of the disabled people in young age and the empirical definition of individually typological characteristics in motivating the choice of a future profession. Among the factors influencing professional self-determination, there are the auto-psychological competence of the individual, self-awareness, activity, internal contradictions, individual psychological specifics etc. The effectiveness of the professional activity in young age depends on the individual typological characteristics of a young person with disabilities. At the same time, the developing characteristics of the subject of professional activity (orientation, knowledge, abilities and skills, professional competence, etc.) are significant, they turn out to be in the integral characteristics of the personality (interests, orientation, emotional and behavioral restraint and the ability to adjustment) forms of professional development of personality (individual, personal, individual-personal), stages of psychological restructuring of the personality (self-determination, self-expression, self-realization) in connection with adaptive behavior or development of personality in professional activity, individual typological features. It is very essential for the professional development of a young person, and moreover for a person with disabilities, to take into consideration her individual and typological characteristics while teaching. Correctly selected psychological tools for definition of the weak and strong points of a personality and necessary psychological support, the corrective work of a psychologist, in our opinion, make it possible to adapt adjustment of a person with disabilities to the conditions of professional activity. The empirical part of the article deals with the results of a study of the characteristics of professional self-definition and individual-typological characteristics (temperament) of young people with disabilities, the leading role of motivation in choosing a profession and defining patterns in the formation of the motivational sphere. It was found that among the optants of a specialized college, internal individually significant motives (compliance with individual abilities, the possibility of mental and physical development, attractiveness, the opportunity for creativity) are predominant, most of them have decided on their professional preferences. Thus, after analyzing and comparing the results of the survey among students of schools and specialized colleges, we found some differences in the motivation of the youth with disabilities to choose a future profession. Young people, who have almost decided upon a profession, are going to take into account their own physical capabilities in their future professional activities and rely on real material support.