Театрально-ігрова діяльність як засіб розвитку культури мовлення дітей старшого дошкільного віку

Abstract

The general characteristics of theater and game activities in preschool education institutions as a means of developing the speech culture of senior preschool children are presented. The interdependence of the development of communication skills with the successful socialization of a child and his/her education at school, the importance of speech in the formation of child’s higher mental functions is substantiated. It is emphasized that speech culture is an indispensable element of general human culture; theatrical and game activities make it possible to develop the abilities of each child, to form creative imagination, communication skills; the main tasks of speech development are defined as: education of the sound culture of speech, enrichment and activation of the vocabulary of preschool children, formation of the grammatical structure of speech, formation of coherent speech skills. The essence of the concepts of «speech culture» and «theatrical and game activity» is defined. The classification of theatrical games depending on their type and specific plot and role content is presented: director’s games and dramatization games; it is noted that theatrical activity is a specific type of children’s activity, one of the most favorite types of creativity. The types of theatrical activity of senior preschoolers are presented, which are classified according to the method of organization (individual or collective games), content of theatrical activity (games based on the plots of literary works, dramatization games, staging), types of game material (puppet theater, toy theater, finger theater, etc.). It is indicated that children of senior preschool age already have a certain amount of game skills: to build a plot plan, distribute and assign roles, independently prepare attributes and scenery, use methods of collective communication. Senior preschoolers can also change the beginning and end of familiar plots, invent the course of events which the character gets into, introduce new characters into the storyline. Keywords: speech development, speech culture, senior preschool children, preschool education institution, theater and game activity.