РОЛЬ ПОРІВНЯЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ У ФОРМУВАННІ ПОЛІТИЧНИХ РІШЕНЬ

Abstract

The political environment is in a state of constant change, and new challenges are emerging at a rapid pace. The speed of international transactions, digitalisation processes, and the spread of the Internet and mobile communications significantly accelerate these changes. Such processes create an environment of uncertainty and risks that directly affect political processes and the activities of political actors, and thus their decision-making processes. These decisions have to be made quickly, as the situation is changing dynamically and some risks are replaced by others. At the same time, these decisions must be balanced and based on a qualitative analysis of the situation, as wrong political decisions can have serious negative consequences for society. Before making a decision, a thorough analysis of the situation is necessary, including the formulation of the problem and its interpretation in the context of other social problems. Thus, the process of political decision-making can be seen as a choice among several alternative ways of resolving an issue. To choose the best of these ways, it is advisable to use the comparative analysis approach. The essence of the comparative method in political science research is to identify similarities and differences between political institutions, processes and phenomena. At the present stage, we can talk about the dynamic development of modern comparative political science. In today’s environment, the forms of phenomena associated with decision-making under conditions of uncertainty, stress and risk are becoming particularly relevant. Of course, comparative analysis cannot always provide clear and unambiguous answers to political questions. Nevertheless, it remains a valuable tool for policy-making, helping policymakers and analysts to better understand policy issues and develop more effective and informed policies.