РОЗВИТОК РУХОВИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ У СПОРТСМЕНІВ РІЗНОЇ СТАТІ ТА ЇХ ЗНАЧУЩІСТЬ У СИСТЕМІ ПІДГОТОВКИ У ЧЕРЛІДИНГУ

Abstract

Аbstract. Cheerleading is characterized by a high complexity of motor action structure, which makes high demands on the development and improvement of motor skills manifested in complex interaction with each other, with sports techniques, psychological fitness and included in the structure of motor actions peculiar for successful competitive activity in the form of individual elements of complex and balanced components of the system. This requires the study of the peculiarities of physical training of athletes. Objective. Investigate the peculiarities of motor skills development in athletes of different sex and determine their importance in the system of training highly skilled cheerleaders.Methods. Analysis of literary sources and the Internet, practical experience, training activities of athletes in cheerleading, expert survey, generalization, systematization, methods of mathematical statistics.Results. Differences in the development of motor qualities, muscle groups in men and women have been identified. It has been proven that they are implemented in different motor skills, which combines the processes of physical and technical training. There are significant differences in strength levels between men and women due to high muscle and lean body mass. For women, the main direction in the work on the development of strength qualities is to improve the processes of nervous regulation, for men - to reduce muscle hypertrophy. Competitive activity in cheerleading is associated with manifestations of different types of strength in interaction and constant alternation, with manifestations of strength in concentric, eccentric, isometric, plyometric and ballistic modes in a complex sequence and is determined by the competitive activity structure. The components of athlete preparation in cheerleading include strength, technical, musical-rhythmic and coordination, choreographic, psychological training. Preparation of athletes in cheerleading is multicomponent. Physical training of men and women in the team isconditioned by anatomical and physiological features, which requires consideration during designing models of physical fitness to implement an effective competitive composition in competitions.