Засоби мовної репрезентації категорії простору в англійській термінології сфери біотехнології

Abstract

The object of study of our article is the English special (terminological) vocabulary, which nominates the concept of biotechnology. The choice of terminology in the field of biotechnology as an object of study is not accidental. From a linguistic point of view, this field of knowledge is characterized by special biotechnological terminology, which is still being formed and is formed mainly in English, although the development of research in biotechnology is not a priority of the Anglo-American community. The study of biotechnological terminology from the standpoint of cognitive linguistics is associated with the study of the role of epistemological categories and their linguistic expression in the studied terminology. It has been established that certain categories play an important role both in the birth of a scientific concept and in the formation of a name reflecting it. The system of knowledge about the world, reflecting the cognitive experience of man, is characterized by a combination of concepts, in which, among others, one of the most important for the construction of the whole conceptual system is the concept of space. Spatial concepts and relationships play an important role in language. Our interest in space as a source for explaining the cognitive features of the biotechnological term is also due to the fact that the spatial approach is traditionally used to describe biological objects in the natural sciences. The purpose of the article is to study the role of the space category and its linguistic expression in the English biotechnological terminology. The author aims to reveal the functional features of the category of space in the language of biotechnology and to identify a set of tools in the English language that serve to express this category. The category under study is widely used in biotechnological terminology, since it is one of the basic categories that serve to classify concepts in the field of biotechnology. The epistemological category of space is widely represented in biotechnological terminology, as it has a pragmatic significance, which is explained by the need to accurately indicate the specific shape, size, location and movement of objects used by man for manipulation. Thus, from the point of view of the cognitive approach one of the bases of classification of concepts in biotechnological terminology is the category of space. Concepts of space (PLACE, FORM, SIZE MOVEMENT) are of paramount importance in the process of forming the concepts of biotechnology.In the process of forming knowledge about biological objects there is a selection of spatial concepts, of which in the foreground are concepts related to the topological properties of space (especially PLACE), they are verbalized primarily in English biotechnological terms. In the structure of language units, the component with spatial meaning is not the same in nature and occupies a different position. These can be specialized spatial morphemes, special spatial vocabulary, syntactic constructions that carry spatial information.