동사 어휘체계에 관한 한 · 일어 대조 고찰

Abstract

This study aims at analyzing and contrasting the vocabulary system of verbs in Japanese and Korean, specially focusing on the phenomenon to make transitive and intransitive verb pairs, and their relation to the passive forms of transitive verbs. For example, 切る/切れる/切られる in Japanese, 끊다/끊기다/끊어지다 in Korean. The necessary semantic condition for a transitive verb to make a pair with an intransitive one is, according to the Hayatsu Emico"s research(1995), that it implies the meaning [change of state in its patient]. Based on Hayatsu"s viewpoint, I analyzed the verbs of Japanese and Korean, and compared the two languages in that respect. In addition, I tried to explain the functional difference between the intransitive verb and the passive form which comes from the same transitve verb. In Japanese, the two are different in form, but in Korean the same verb form like {V-이다} or {V-어지다} functions as an intransitive verb, and in some case as a passive verb. Finally, I found and showed six types of corresponding in vocabulary system of verbs between the two languages.