ВЛИЯНИЕ ДЕФИЦИТА ВИТАМИНА Д НА ФИЗИЧЕСКУЮ ФОРМУ И РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ СПОРТСМЕНОВ

Abstract

Purpose: Study of the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the physical fitness and performance of athletes, as well as providing up-to-date information on the diagnosis and treatment of this hypovitaminosis. Material and methods: The data of domestic and foreign literature on the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the physical form and performance of athletes were analyzed. The search was carried out using electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, eLIBRARY for the period from 2007 to 2022. For the search, we used keywords and their combinations: “athletes”, “physical performance”, “stress fracture “, “vitamin D”. A total of 33 sources were analyzed. Results: Vitamin D plays an important role in the human body. With its deficiency in athletes, there is an increase in the risk of injury, a decrease in the functional abilities of muscles and an increase in the risk of stress fractures of bones. A prolonged and pronounced deficiency of this vitamin in athletes leads to a deterioration in general well-being, a disruption in the functioning of almost all body systems, a decrease in the level of working capacity and sports performance. The fundamental method of treatment and prevention of vitamin D deficiency in athletes is the correction of lifestyle, training schedule and the use of specialized supplements containing cholecalciferol. Discussion: The required amount of cholecalciferol intake varies from 400 to 2000 IU / day, depending on many factors, including the amount of sun exposure during the day, age, gender, severity of deficiency, ethnicity, etc. Athletes also need to consume sufficient amounts of micro- and macronutrients, especially calcium and magnesium. When taking cholecalciferol, one should take into account the possibility of intoxication, which occurs due to the consumption of excessive amounts of supplements of this vitamin. Conclusions: At the moment, due to the widespread prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in athletes and its negative impact on the health and performance of an athlete, there is a need for more active measures aimed at the timely diagnosis of this hypovitaminosis and its treatment.