Исследования процессов выделения газов из жидких сред в судовых сепарационных установках и аппаратах

Abstract

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses plants and units for splitting homogeneous (multi-phase) fluids into homogenous phases for shipbuilding and other industrial applications. The purpose of this work is to determine efficiency of hardware and solutions of various versions through simulation of separation processes for aerated 3D flows by means of configurable dummies at the experimental rig. Materials and methods. Official scientific and technical publications about analytical and experimental studies on the processes taking place in separation plants and units. Methodology of fluid and gas mechanics, dimension theory methods, experimental methods. Main results. This paper discusses the state of the art in development and operation of de-aeration plants and units in shipbuilding and related industries, with classification of main physical principles of fluid degassing. Experimental studies were performed at hydraulic test rig with unified versions of reconfigurable dummy for a variety of typical solutions currently applied at marine and industrial separation plants and units for controllable splitting of multi-phase flows into separate phases. Experimental assessment has found structural imperfections demonstrating the low technical level of investigated objects. It also highlighted behavioral patterns of highly saturated multi-phase flows with physical parameters established as per the practice of operating the equipment as part of systems, i.e. in different conditions and different configurations of closed-loop circuits. The study yielded new knowledge about the interaction of multi-phase flows with structural parts of a number of separation units. Finally, the study highlighted current obstacles for the optimization of separation processes, as well as suggested promising ways to high-end designs of separation plants and units. Conclusion. The findings of this work enable an objective decision-making about the application of given separation unit type in given service conditions as part of various marine or industrial systems. Technical solutions suggested in it will be helpful insights for development of more advanced and competitive separation units that would replace the imported products. The test data obtained in this work could also be helpful for further development of design requirements to marine ballast systems with high-capacity pumps.